ESXi host üzerinde her şeyi CLI komut satırı üzerinden yapabiliriz. Bu yazıda, ESXi için bazı önemli CLI komutlarını göstermeye çalışacağım.
esxcli network ip komutu ile interface, route ve dns server gibi pek çok şeyi görebilir ve düzenleyebilirsiniz.
[root@esxi01:~] esxcli network ip
Usage: esxcli network ip {cmd} [cmd options]
Available Namespaces:
dns Operations pertaining to Domain Name Server configuration.
interface Operations having to do with the creation, management and deletion of VMkernel network interfaces (vmknic).
ipsec Operations on Internet Protocol Security
route Operations pertaining to route configuration
connection List active tcpip connections
neighbor Operations that can be performed on arp tables
netstack Operations having to do with the creation, management and deletion of VMkernel Netstack Instances.Interface detayları
Bu komut ile vmk interface’in enable olup olmadığı, MAC adresi, adı gibi bilgileri görebilirsiniz.
[root@esxi01:~] esxcli network ip interface list
vmk0
Name: vmk0
MAC Address: 00:25:90:bc:43:8b
Enabled: true
Portset: vSwitch0
Portgroup: Management Network
Netstack Instance: defaultTcpipStack
VDS Name: N/A
VDS UUID: N/A
VDS Port: N/A
VDS Connection: -1
Opaque Network ID: N/A
Opaque Network Type: N/A
External ID: N/A
MTU: 1500
TSO MSS: 65535
RXDispQueue Size: 1
Port ID: 33554436
Bu komut ile her bir interface’in IP adreslerini ve subnet mask bilgilerini görebilirsiniz.
[root@esxi01:~] esxcli network ip interface ipv4 get
Name IPv4 Address IPv4 Netmask IPv4 Broadcast Address Type Gateway DHCP DNS
---- ------------- ------------- -------------- ------------ ----------- --------
vmk0 192.168.0.190 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.255 STATIC 192.168.0.1 false
vmk1 192.168.0.191 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.255 STATIC 192.168.0.1 false
Aşağıdaki komut, interface’lerin fiziksel durumlarını gösterir.
[root@esxi01:~] esxcfg-nics -l
Name PCI Driver Link Speed Duplex MAC Address MTU Description
vmnic0 0000:61:00.0 ixgben Down 0Mbps Half 00:25:90:bc:43:8a 1500 Intel(R) Ethernet Controller 10G X550
vmnic1 0000:61:00.1 ixgben Up 1000Mbps Full 00:25:90:bc:43:8b 1500 Intel(R) Ethernet Controller 10G X550
Aşağıdaki komut varsayılan ağ geçidini gösterir.
[root@esxi01:~] esxcfg-route
VMkernel default gateway is 192.168.0.1
Bu komut, ESXi host üzerindeki fiziksel ethernet kartlarını ve durumlarını gösterir.
[root@esxi01:~] esxcli network nic list
Name PCI Device Driver Admin Status Link Status Speed Duplex MAC Address MTU Description
------ ------------ ------ ------------ ----------- ----- ------ ----------------- ---- -------------------------------------
vmnic0 0000:61:00.0 ixgben Up Down 0 Half 00:25:90:bc:43:8a 1500 Intel(R) Ethernet Controller 10G X550
vmnic1 0000:61:00.1 ixgben Up Up 1000 Full 00:25:90:bc:43:8b 1500 Intel(R) Ethernet Controller 10G X550
Bu komut, network kartının genel konfigürasyonu, firmware versiyonu gibi bilgileri verir.
[root@esxi01:~] esxcli network nic get -n vmnic0
Advertised Auto Negotiation: true
Advertised Link Modes: Auto, 100BaseT/Full, 1000BaseT/Full, 10000BaseT/Full
Auto Negotiation: false
Cable Type: Twisted Pair
Current Message Level: -1
Driver Info:
Bus Info: 0000:61:00:0
Driver: ixgben
Firmware Version: 0x800007f3
Version: 1.4.1
Link Detected: false
Link Status: Down
Name: vmnic0
PHYAddress: 0
Pause Autonegotiate: true
Pause RX: true
Pause TX: true
Supported Ports: TP
Supports Auto Negotiation: true
Supports Pause: true
Supports Wakeon: false
Transceiver:
Virtual Address: 00:50:56:51:e9:c9
Wakeon: None
Aşağıdaki komut ile vmnic IP adresini değiştirebilirsiniz. Görüldüğü gibi IP adresi 192.168.0.73 ile DHCP’den alınmıştı. Çalıştırdığımız komut ile IP hem static oldu, hem de 192.168.0.180 olarak değişti.
[root@localhost:~] esxcli network ip interface ipv4 get
Name IPv4 Address IPv4 Netmask IPv4 Broadcast Address Type Gateway DHCP DNS
---- ------------ ------------- -------------- ------------ ----------- --------
vmk0 192.168.0.73 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.255 DHCP 192.168.0.1 true
[root@localhost:~] esxcli network ip interface ipv4 set -i vmk0 -I 192.168.0.180 -N 255.255.255.0 -t static
[root@localhost:~] esxcli network ip interface ipv4 get
Name IPv4 Address IPv4 Netmask IPv4 Broadcast Address Type Gateway DHCP DNS
---- ------------- ------------- -------------- ------------ ------- --------
vmk0 192.168.0.180 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.255 STATIC 0.0.0.0 false
vSwitch detayları
esxcli network vswitch komutu ile standard veya distributed vSwitch listeleme, ekleme, silme gibi işlemleri yapabilirsiniz.
[root@localhost:~] esxcli network vswitch
Usage: esxcli network vswitch {cmd} [cmd options]
Available Namespaces:
dvs Commands to retrieve Distributed Virtual Switch information
standard Commands to list and manipulate Legacy Virtual Switches on an ESX host.
Aşağıdaki komut ile standard vSwitch’leri listeleyebilirsiniz.
vSwitch0
Name: vSwitch0
Class: cswitch
Num Ports: 2560
Used Ports: 4
Configured Ports: 128
MTU: 1500
CDP Status: listen
Beacon Enabled: false
Beacon Interval: 1
Beacon Threshold: 3
Beacon Required By:
Uplinks: vmnic0
Portgroups: VM Network, Management Network
Aşağıdaki komut ile yeni bir vSwitch ekleyebilirsiniz. Yeni eklenen vSwitch1 aşağıdaki gibi.
[root@localhost:~] esxcli network vswitch standard add -v vswitch1
[root@localhost:~] esxcli network vswitch standard list
vSwitch0
Name: vSwitch0
Class: cswitch
Num Ports: 2560
Used Ports: 4
Configured Ports: 128
MTU: 1500
CDP Status: listen
Beacon Enabled: false
Beacon Interval: 1
Beacon Threshold: 3
Beacon Required By:
Uplinks: vmnic0
Portgroups: VM Network, Management Network
vswitch1
Name: vswitch1
Class: cswitch
Num Ports: 2560
Used Ports: 1
Configured Ports: 128
MTU: 1500
CDP Status: listen
Beacon Enabled: false
Beacon Interval: 1
Beacon Threshold: 3
Beacon Required By:
Uplinks:
Portgroups:
VM detayları
esxcli network vm komutu ile sanal makinelerin listesini ve port bağlantılarını görebilirsiniz.
[root@esxi01:~] esxcli network vm list
World ID Name Num Ports Networks
-------- ---------------------------- --------- ----------
2854029 vGPU-vCenter 1 VM NetworkYukarıda listelediğimiz sanal makinelerin World ID’si ile, ilgili sanal makinenin vSwitch, PortGroup, Uplink, Port ID gibi bilgilerini görebiliriz.
[root@esxi01:~] esxcli network vm port list -w 2854029
Port ID: 33554456
vSwitch: vSwitch0
Portgroup: VM Network
DVPort ID:
MAC Address: 00:50:56:9c:bf:8c
IP Address: 0.0.0.0
Team Uplink: vmnic1
Uplink Port ID: 33554434
Active Filters:
Port ID ile, ilgili portun istatistik bilgilerini görebiliriz.
[root@esxi01:~] esxcli network port stats get -p 33554456
Packet statistics for port 33554456
Packets received: 20276060
Packets sent: 14126193
Bytes received: 9751939933
Bytes sent: 2951691923
Broadcast packets received: 4569393
Broadcast packets sent: 98019
Multicast packets received: 3114404
Multicast packets sent: 3
Unicast packets received: 12592263
Unicast packets sent: 14028171
Receive packets dropped: 0
Transmit packets dropped: 0